International Institutions

 International institutions are the organizations with an mature international membership, scope, or presence. There are two different types of them: International nongovernmental organizations(INGOs) and non-governmental organizations(NGOs). In order to understanded the international cooperation and discord, it is necessary to develop a knowledge of how international institutions work, and how they change. 

 Today, I will introduce and explain about the items above for the three important international institutions and how they affect the business environment of China.

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IMF (International Monetary Fund)

In 1945, December 27^th,the International Monetary Fund(IMF) was established with the World Bank(WB), they are the world one of two biggest financial organs,the role of IMF is to monitor the monetary exchange rate, the trade information of different countries, provide technical and the fund to assist,and ensure the global financial sysytem is functioning; their HQ(headquarters) were set in Washington. The “special drawing rights” that we usually heard about was set up by this organization in1969.

The main role/purpose

The main role of International Monetary Fund is to provide technical and fund assist to the country which are having economic difficulties,and sometimes the IMF will help those country to manage their government finance or necessary reform.

The contributions

The International Monetary Fund was created to help stabilize the global economy. For instance, it promotes international monetary cooperation, facilitates the expansion and balanced growth of international trade, promotes exchange stability, maintains orderly exchange arrangements among members, and to avoid competitive exchange depreciation. Thus the main purposes and activities of it do really play an important role on the current society. 

 WB(the World Bank)

    The full name of WB is “the World Bank”,the old name of the Wold Bank was “the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development” ,the establishment of the World Bank was related to the The bretton woods conference of the United States of America in 1944.

The main role/purpose

The main purpose of the World Bank is to invest to the manufacture, to help their menber state to development and revival;loan guarantee or loan participation and other ways to advance the foreigns and the natives investment, when the member states can’t get the private capital in a reasonable conditions, the World Bank will straight loan to them as a replenish of the scarcity of private investment; encourage the international invesment, developing the countries resources for productions, prvide technical advisory and improve the productive power to advance the balanced growth of international trade of the countries and also the international balance of payment.

The contribution

The World Bank is the one of the world biggest development assistance institutions.the World Bank utilize its funds, high quality talents and a extensive knowledge base to support every single developing countries and lead them to get on a track of continuance and equilibrium.

 WTO

The World Trade Organization was established in 1995, their HQ(heasquarters) was settle down at Genevese. WTO(World Trade Organization) is a permanent international organization that independent of the united nations. On January 1^st ,1995 this organization has started to operate officially, it is responsible to manage the world economics and trade order, their headquarters is located in Swiss Geneva Lemon lake side. World Trade Organization has the status of mediating the member conflict asprect to have a higher autority. the World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the Inrenational Monetary Fund are called “the three mainstay of world economoic system”

The main role/purpose of WTO

The main role of the World Trade Organization is to promot economy and trade develoment, rasie the humanity living standard, ensure the full employment, unsure the real income and unsure the increase of the effective demand;According to the the goal of the sustainable development utilize the world resources reasonable and expansion commodity production and service; Achieves the agreement of mutually interaction, singnificantly decrease and cancel customs duties and other trade difficulties and also banish the discrimination treatment during national trade activities.

   The contribution of WTO

 As the day as the World Trade Organization(WTO) has established, to enfroced the Uruguay agreement and convention, it has vigorously propelled the economic globalization, and promoted the development of the global economic. the affinity of the  multilateral trading system that WTO stand are growing by days, only in few years, its member state has already become 134 countries, and there are more then twenty countryies are actively apply for membership. Their member states were already hold nearly 95% of the global economic and trade. The World Trade Organization(WTO) use the trade policy review mechanism, dispute settlement mechanism, subsidies discipline, sustainable development, service trade liberalization and the protection of intellectual property rights as a resort to make the area of the coordinated management form the border measures to the legislative domain. The role of minitor has become unparalleled, and this institutions has already become “the United Nations of Economic”. The upcoming new negotiations of multilateral trade system have universality show the World Trade Organization is already exceed the modality form the pass, day bu day it is also prominent to the world economics trade’s influence.                                    

   By Jireh Abraham Chung